Alzheimer’s disease and dementia are affecting millions of people worldwide, yet many of these cases go unnoticed until it’s too late. While it’s common to experience some forgetfulness as we age, Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia are serious conditions that go far beyond simply misplacing your keys or forgetting someone’s name.

The good news is that early detection can make a world of difference. Recognizing the signs of dementia early can help slow its progression and improve the quality of life for both the person affected and their loved ones. If you’re aware of the early symptoms, you can take proactive steps to get help and support.

Let’s explore 10 early signs of dementia that many people overlook, helping you spot them before it’s too late.

1. Frequent Memory Loss

One of the first and most obvious signs of Alzheimer’s is frequent memory loss. While everyone occasionally forgets where they put their keys, people with early-stage dementia often forget important conversations, appointments, or even names they’ve known for years. If someone finds themselves relying on notes or others to remember basic information, it may be time to consult a doctor.

2. Difficulty Finding the Right Words

We all forget words sometimes, but when someone frequently struggles to find words during conversations, it may indicate early dementia. For example, a person might call an object by the wrong name or pause frequently mid-sentence as they search for words they should easily recall. This can lead to frustration and social withdrawal, which is another warning sign.

3. Losing Track of Time and Place

Another early warning sign of dementia is becoming disoriented about the time of day, season, or even location. For example, a person may forget what day it is or get lost in a familiar place, such as their own neighborhood or a store they’ve visited for years. If these episodes become more frequent, it’s important to seek medical advice.

4. Frequent Falls

Dementia can affect balance and coordination, making someone more prone to falls. People with Alzheimer’s often misjudge distances or fail to notice obstacles in their path. Studies show that older adults who develop Alzheimer’s are at a higher risk for falls, sometimes years before their diagnosis. If you notice someone falling more frequently, it may be time to have them evaluated by a healthcare professional.

5. Withdrawal from Hobbies and Social Activities

If someone who used to love activities like gardening, cooking, or socializing suddenly loses interest, it could be a sign of dementia. Tasks that were once simple can become overwhelming for people with cognitive decline, leading them to avoid activities they once enjoyed. Social withdrawal can also occur as they feel embarrassed or frustrated by their cognitive changes.

6. Sleep Disturbances

Changes in sleep patterns are common in individuals with dementia. They may struggle with falling or staying asleep, or they might experience unusual sleep behaviors, such as excessive daytime napping or restlessness at night. Some types of dementia, like Lewy body dementia, can also cause behaviors like talking or moving suddenly while asleep.

7. Difficulty with Simple Tasks

Everyday tasks can become increasingly difficult for someone with dementia. Whether it’s forgetting how to cook a familiar recipe or struggling with work tasks they’ve done for years, these challenges can be early indicators. The difficulty isn’t with learning something new, but with doing things they’ve always been able to do without thinking.

8. Mood and Personality Changes

Dementia can lead to sudden and unusual changes in mood or personality. Someone who was once calm may become irritable or impulsive, or a normally cheerful person may become withdrawn or anxious. Increased depression, paranoia, or mistrust of loved ones are also common signs of dementia.

9. Changes in Posture and Walking

A stooped posture or difficulty walking can be an early sign of dementia. People with this condition may shuffle their feet or move more slowly than usual. Some forms of dementia, such as Lewy body dementia, can cause difficulties with starting or stopping movement, leading to a higher risk of falls.

10. Fixed Gaze and Reduced Eye Movements

A fixed, staring gaze or reduced eye movements can be early signs of dementia, particularly in conditions like Parkinson’s-related dementia or Lewy body dementia. This symptom often results from neurological impairments affecting the muscles that control eye movement or how the brain processes visual information.

While dementia can’t be entirely prevented, adopting a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk or delay its onset. Regular physical exercise, a brain-healthy diet like the Mediterranean diet, and staying mentally active through puzzles, reading, or learning new skills can all contribute to cognitive health. Managing chronic conditions, prioritizing sleep, and reducing stress are also important for brain health.

If you or someone you care about is showing any of these early signs of dementia, don’t hesitate to seek a professional evaluation. Early detection is key, and the sooner you take action, the better the outcomes can be.

Taking care of your brain health today could make a life-changing difference tomorrow. Stay informed, stay proactive, and take care of your mind.